EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 12)

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 56.&\textrm{Tentukan jumlah nilai riil}\quad x \quad \textrm{dari persamaan}\\ & (2+\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x+1}+(2-\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x-1}=\displaystyle \frac{4}{2-\sqrt{3}}\\ &\textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 2\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 3\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 4\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 5\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 6 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&(2+\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x+1}+(2-\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x-1}=\displaystyle \frac{4}{2-\sqrt{3}}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{(2+\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x+1}}{\displaystyle \frac{4}{2-\sqrt{3}}}+\displaystyle \frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x-1}}{\displaystyle \frac{4}{2-\sqrt{3}}}=1\\ &\displaystyle \frac{(2+\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x}}{4}+\displaystyle \frac{(2-\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x}}{4}=1\\ &\displaystyle \frac{(2+\sqrt{3})^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x}}{4}+\displaystyle \frac{(2+\sqrt{3})^{-\left(\displaystyle  x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x \right)}}{4}=1\\ &\textrm{dan kondisi di atas terpenuhi saat}\quad x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x=\pm 1\\ & \textrm{Sehingga solusinya adalah:}\\ &x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x=1 \quad \textrm{atau}\quad x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x=-1.\quad \textrm{Selanjutnya}\\ &\textrm{untuk}\\ &\bullet \quad x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x-1=0\Rightarrow x_{1,2}=1\pm \sqrt{2}\\ &\qquad \textrm{Persamaan kuadrat dan untuk solusinya gunakan}\\ &\qquad \textrm{rumus ABC dan nantinya akan didapatkan dua solusi}\\ &\bullet \quad x^{\displaystyle 2}-2x+1=0\Rightarrow x_{3}=1\\ &\qquad \textrm{mirip caranya dengan di atas dan akan didapatkan}\\ &\qquad \textrm{satu solusi saja}\\ &\textrm{Jadi, jumlah semua nilainya adalah}:\\ &x_{1}+x_{2}+x_{3}=\left( 1+\sqrt{2} \right)+\left( 1-\sqrt{2} \right)+1=3 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 57.&\textrm{Bentuk sederhana dari}\\ & \sqrt[\displaystyle 81^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}]{\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{512^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x+1}}}} \right)^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}}}\qquad=\:....\\\\ &\textrm{Solusi}:\quad \\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\sqrt[\displaystyle 81^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}]{\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{512^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x+1}}}} \right)^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}}}\\ &=\sqrt[\left( \displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}} \right)^{\displaystyle 4}]{\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{512^{\left( \displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}} \right)^{\displaystyle 3}}} \right)^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}}}\\ &\qquad\textrm{misalkan}\quad 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}=m\\ &=\sqrt[\displaystyle m^{\displaystyle 4}]{\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{512^{\displaystyle m^{\displaystyle 3}}} \right)^{\displaystyle m}}\quad =\sqrt[\displaystyle 3m^{\displaystyle 4}]{512^{\displaystyle m^{\displaystyle 4}}}\\ &=\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{512}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{8^{\displaystyle 3}}=8\\ &\textrm{Jadi, nilai}\: \:  \sqrt[\displaystyle 81^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}]{\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{512^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x+1}}}} \right)^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle x}}}}\quad =8 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 58.&\textrm{Bentuk sederhana dari}\\ &\left[ \sqrt[\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n+1}]{\left( n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle 5n}}}\qquad \right)^{\displaystyle n\:\qquad}}\qquad \right]^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n-\left( \displaystyle n^{n} \right)^{\displaystyle 5}}}\\ &\textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 1\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle n\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n}\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle \sqrt[\displaystyle n]{n}\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle \sqrt[\displaystyle n^{n}]{n} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\left[ \sqrt[\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n+1}]{\left( n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle 5n}}}\qquad \right)^{\displaystyle n\:\qquad}}\qquad \right]^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n-\left( \displaystyle n^{n} \right)^{\displaystyle 5}}}\\ &=\left( n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle 5n}}} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{n}{n^{\displaystyle n+1}} \right).\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n-\left( n^{\displaystyle n} \right)^{\displaystyle 5}}}\\ &=\left( n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle 5n}}} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{n}{n^{\displaystyle n}.n} \right).\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n-\left( n^{\displaystyle n} \right)^{\displaystyle 5}}}\\ &=n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle 5n}}.n^{\displaystyle -n}.n^{\displaystyle n}.n^{\displaystyle -n^{\displaystyle 5n}}}=n^{\displaystyle n^{\displaystyle 0}}=n^{\displaystyle 1}=n\\ \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 11)

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 51.&\textrm{Penyelesaian dari}\quad 2^{\displaystyle 4^{\displaystyle x}}=4^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle x}}\quad\textrm{adalah}\:....\\\\ &\textrm{Solusi}:\quad \\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&2^{\displaystyle 4^{\displaystyle x}}=4^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle x}}\Leftrightarrow 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2x}}=2^{\displaystyle 2.2^{\displaystyle x}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2x}}=2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 1+x}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow 2x=1+x\Leftrightarrow x=1 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 52.&\textrm{Penyelesaian dari}\\ &\left(\displaystyle  \frac{1}{x^{\displaystyle 3}} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{\displaystyle 4}} \right)}=\left(\displaystyle  \frac{1}{\sqrt[\displaystyle 3x]{x}\:} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{x} \right)}\\ &\textrm{untuk}\quad  x>1\quad\textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \displaystyle \frac{4}{3}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 2\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 5\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 3 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{e}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\left(\displaystyle  \frac{1}{x^{\displaystyle 3}} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{\displaystyle 4}} \right)}=\left(\displaystyle  \frac{1}{\sqrt[\displaystyle 3x]{x}\:} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{x} \right)}\:\textrm{dengan}\quad  x>1\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left(\displaystyle  \frac{1}{x^{\displaystyle 3}} \right)^{\displaystyle x}=\left(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3x}}} \right)^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 4}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left(\displaystyle  x^{\displaystyle -3} \right)^{\displaystyle x}=\left(x^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{3x}} \right)^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 4}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle -3x}=x^{\displaystyle -\frac{x^{\displaystyle 4}}{3x}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow -3x=\displaystyle -\frac{x^{\displaystyle 4}}{3x}\Leftrightarrow 9x^{\displaystyle 2}=x^{\displaystyle 4}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 2}=9\Leftrightarrow x=\left| 3 \right|=\pm 3,\quad\textrm{karena}\quad  x>1\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\quad x=3 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 53.&\textrm{Penyelesaian dari}\quad x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 4}}=\displaystyle 4\quad\textrm{adalah}\:....\\\\ &\textrm{Solusi}:\quad \\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 4}}=\displaystyle 4\\ &\textrm{masing-masing ruas dipangkatkan}\quad 4,\\ &\textrm{selanjutnya}\\ &\left( x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 4}} \right)^{\displaystyle 4}=4^{\displaystyle 4}\Leftrightarrow \left( x^{\displaystyle 4} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 4} \right)}=4^{\displaystyle 4}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 4}=4\Leftrightarrow \left| x \right|=\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{4}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{2^{\displaystyle 2}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left| x \right|=\sqrt{2}\\ &\textrm{Jadi, nilai}\quad x=-\sqrt{2}\quad \textrm{atau}\quad x=\sqrt{2} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 54.&\textrm{Jika diketahui}\quad x^{\displaystyle 2x^{\displaystyle 6}}=\displaystyle 3\quad\textrm{dengan}\quad x>1,\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\quad \left( x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6}}} \right)^{\displaystyle \sqrt{3}}=\:....\\\\ &\textrm{Solusi}:\quad \\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&x^{\displaystyle 2x^{\displaystyle 6}}=\displaystyle 3\\ &\textrm{masing-masing ruas dipangkatkan}\quad 3,\\ &\textrm{selanjutnya}\\ &x^{\displaystyle 3.2x^{\displaystyle 6}}=\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3}\Leftrightarrow \left( x^{\displaystyle 6} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6} \right)}=3^{\displaystyle 3}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 6}=3\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 2.3}=3\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 3}=3^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 3}=\sqrt{3}.\quad\textrm{dengan}\quad x>1\\ &\textrm{Sehingga}\\ &\left( x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6}}} \right)^{\displaystyle \sqrt{3}}=\left( x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 3}} \right)^{\sqrt{3}}=\left( x^{\displaystyle \sqrt{3}} \right)^{\displaystyle \sqrt{3}}\\ &=x^{\displaystyle 3}=\sqrt{3}\\ &\textrm{Jadi, nilai}\quad \left( x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6}}} \right)^{\displaystyle \sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 55.&\textrm{Penyelesaian dari}\quad x^{\displaystyle x}=3^{\displaystyle x+3^{\displaystyle 2}}\quad\textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 3\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle \sqrt{3}}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 6\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 9\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 3} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&x^{\displaystyle x}=3^{\displaystyle x+3^{\displaystyle 2}}\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle x}=3^{\displaystyle x+9}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle x}=3^{\displaystyle x}.3^{\displaystyle 9}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{x^{\displaystyle x}}{3^{\displaystyle x}}=3^{\displaystyle 9}\Leftrightarrow \left( \displaystyle \frac{x}{3} \right)^{\displaystyle x}=3^{\displaystyle 9}\\ &\textrm{masing-masing ruas dipangkatkan}\quad \displaystyle \frac{1}{3},\\ &\textrm{selanjutnya}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( \left( \displaystyle \frac{x}{3} \right)^{\displaystyle x} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}}=\left( 3^{\displaystyle 9} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( \displaystyle \frac{x}{3} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{x}{3} \right)}=3^{\displaystyle 3}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{x}{3}=3\Leftrightarrow x=9\\ &\textrm{Jadi, nilai}\quad x=9 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 10)

 $\begin{array}{ll}\\ 46.&\textrm{Jika diketahui}\: \quad \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}}}=2\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\quad x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}}+x^{\displaystyle 2}\:\: \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle \sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 2\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 2\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 4 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{e}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\quad x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}}}=2,\quad \textrm{maka nilai}\\ &x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}}+x^{\displaystyle 2}=2+2=4\\ &\textrm{perhatikan cara penyelesaiannya pada uraian}\\ &\textrm{jawaban pada nomor soal sebelumnya} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 47.&\textrm{Nilai}\: \quad x\quad \textrm{pada}\quad\displaystyle 9^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle x}}=3^{\displaystyle 8^{\displaystyle x}}\:\: \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 3\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 1\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 6\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&9^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle x}}=3^{\displaystyle 8^{\displaystyle x}}\Leftrightarrow \left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle x}}=3^{\displaystyle \left( 2^{\displaystyle 3} \right)^{\displaystyle x}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow 3^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 1}.2^{\displaystyle x}}=3^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 3x}}\Leftrightarrow 3^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle (1+x)}}=3^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 3x}}\\ &\textrm{Selanjutnya pangkatnya tinggal disamakan}\\ &\textrm{yaitu}:\\ & 1+x=3x\Leftrightarrow 2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 48.&\textrm{Nilai}\: \quad x\quad \textrm{pada}\quad\displaystyle (x+2)x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}}=4x^{\displaystyle 4(3-x)}\\ & \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 1\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 2\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 3\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 4\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 6 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&(x+2)x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}}=4x^{\displaystyle 4(3-x)}\\ &\textrm{kalikan masing-masing ruas dengan}\quad x^{\displaystyle 4x}\\ &\Leftrightarrow (x+2)x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}}.\left( x^{\displaystyle 4x} \right)=4x^{\displaystyle 4(3-x)}.\left( x^{\displaystyle 4x} \right)\\ &\Leftrightarrow (x+2)x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 2}+4x}=4x^{\displaystyle (12-4x)+4x}\\ &\Leftrightarrow (x+2)x^{\displaystyle x(x+4)}=4x^{\displaystyle 12}\\ &\Leftrightarrow (x+2)x^{\displaystyle x(x+4)}=(2+2)x^{\displaystyle 2(2+4)}\\ &\: \textrm{Jadi},\quad x=2 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 49.&\textrm{Jika}\: \quad 3^{\displaystyle m}=a,\:\: 3^{\displaystyle n}=b\quad \textrm{maka nilai}\quad x\\ &\textrm{pada persamaan}\quad \displaystyle 9^{\displaystyle m+n}=a^{\displaystyle x}.b^{\displaystyle x}\\ & \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 1\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 2\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 3\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 4\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 6 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&9^{\displaystyle m+n}=a^{\displaystyle x}.b^{\displaystyle x}\Leftrightarrow \left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\displaystyle m+n}=a^{\displaystyle x}.b^{\displaystyle x}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\displaystyle m+n}=\left( 3^{\displaystyle m} \right)^{\displaystyle x}.\left( 3^{\displaystyle n} \right)^{\displaystyle x}\\ &\Leftrightarrow  \left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\displaystyle m+n}=3^{\displaystyle mx+nx}=\left( 3^{\displaystyle x} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle m+n \right)}\\ &\: \textrm{Jadi, nilai}\quad  x=2\end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 50.&\textrm{Jika}\: \quad x^{\displaystyle x}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{20+14\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{20-14\sqrt{2}}\\ & \textrm{maka nilai}\quad x^{\displaystyle 2}+2^{\displaystyle x}\quad\textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 2+2^{\displaystyle \sqrt{2}}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 17\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 32\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 8\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 16 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&x^{\displaystyle x}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{20+14\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{20-14\sqrt{2}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle x}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{\left( 2+\sqrt{2} \right)^{\displaystyle 3}}+\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{\left( 2-\sqrt{2} \right)^{\displaystyle 3}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle x}=2+\sqrt{2}+2-\sqrt{2}=4=2^{\displaystyle 2}\\ &\textrm{Sehingga nilai}\\ &x^{\displaystyle 2}+2^{\displaystyle x}=2^{\displaystyle 2}+2^{\displaystyle 2}=4+4=8\end{aligned} \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 9)

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 41.&\textrm{Nilai}\: \: x\quad \textrm{jika}\quad x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 16}}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 8]{\displaystyle 2}\quad \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{2}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle \sqrt[\displaystyle 8]{2}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \sqrt{32}\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle \sqrt{8}\\ \textrm{e}.&\sqrt[\displaystyle 16]{2} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{e}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\quad x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 16}}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 8]{\displaystyle 2}\:=\left( \displaystyle 2 \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{8}}=2^{\displaystyle \frac{2}{16}}.\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa dengan memangkatkan 16}\\ &\textrm{di masing-masing ruas kita akan mendapatkan}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\left( x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 16}} \right)^{\displaystyle 16}=\left( \left( \displaystyle 2 \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{2}{16}} \right)^{\displaystyle 16}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 16.x^{\displaystyle 16}}=\left( \displaystyle 2 \right)^{\left( \displaystyle 2 \right)}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( x^{\displaystyle 16} \right)^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 16}}=\left( \displaystyle 2 \right)^{\left( \displaystyle 2 \right)}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 16}=\displaystyle 2\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt[\displaystyle 16]{2}  \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 42.&\textrm{Jika diketahui}\: \quad \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x+1}}=2^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -\frac{3}{2}}}\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\quad x+1\quad \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle \frac{2}{3}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{4}{3}\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{a}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x+1}}=2^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -\frac{3}{2}}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x+1}}=\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x+1}}=\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2}+1 \right)}}\\ &\textrm{Sehingga nilai dari}\\ &x+1=\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}+1=\frac{3}{2} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 43.&\textrm{Jika diketahui}\: \quad \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle -x^{\displaystyle 1-x}}=3^{\displaystyle 18}\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\quad x\displaystyle ^{\displaystyle x}\quad \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle -\frac{1}{3}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle -\frac{1}{9}\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{27} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle -x^{\displaystyle 1-x}}=3^{\displaystyle 18}\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle -x^{\displaystyle 1}.x^{\displaystyle -x}}=3^{\displaystyle 2.9}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle -x.x^{\displaystyle -x}}=3^{\displaystyle 2.3^{\displaystyle 2}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( x^{\displaystyle -x} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( x^{\displaystyle -x} \right)}=\left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)}\\ &\textrm{Sehingga kita mendapatkan persamaan}\\ &x^{\displaystyle -x}=3^{\displaystyle 2}\\ &\textrm{Selanjutnya pangkatkan -1 masing-masing ruas}\\ & \left( x^{\displaystyle -x} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}=\left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle x}=\displaystyle \frac{1}{3^{\displaystyle 2}}=\displaystyle \frac{1}{9} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 44.&\textrm{Jika diketahui}\: \quad \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x}}=2\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\quad x\displaystyle ^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x}+x^{\displaystyle x+x^{\displaystyle x+x^{\displaystyle x}}}}\:\: \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 8\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 16\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 32\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 48\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 81 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}& x\displaystyle ^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x}+x^{\displaystyle x+x^{\displaystyle x+x^{\displaystyle x}}}}\\ &=x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x}}.x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x}.x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x}.x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x}}}}\\ &=2.\left( 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2}} \right)=2.\left( 2^{\displaystyle 4} \right)=2.16=32 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 45.&\textrm{Jika diketahui}\: \quad \displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 3}}}=3\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\quad x^{\displaystyle 3}\:\: \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\sqrt{3}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 3\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 3\sqrt{3}\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 27 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 3}}}=3\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 3}}}=\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3} \right)^{\displaystyle 3}=\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3} \right)^{\displaystyle 3}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 3}}}=\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3} \right)^{\displaystyle 3}}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3},\quad \textrm{maka nilai}\quad x^{\displaystyle 3}=\left( \sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{3} \right)^{\displaystyle 3}=3  \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 8)

 $\begin{array}{ll}\\ 36.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{125} \right)^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -1}}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&1\\ \textrm{b}.&5\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{5}\\ \textrm{d}.&-\displaystyle \frac{1}{5}\\ \textrm{e}.&-5 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{125} \right)^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -1}}}=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{125} \right)^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}}}\\ &=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{125} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{9} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}}=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{125} \right)^{\displaystyle -\sqrt{\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}}}\\ &=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{64} \right)^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{3}}=125^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}}=\left( 5^{\displaystyle 3} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}}=5^{\displaystyle \frac{3}{3}}=5  \end{aligned}  \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 37.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \quad \displaystyle 9^{\displaystyle 4^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -1}}}+\: 8^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle -1^{\displaystyle 2}}}\:\: \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 2\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 3\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 4\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 5\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 6 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&9^{\displaystyle 4^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -1}}}+\: 8^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle -1^{\displaystyle 2}}}=9^{\displaystyle 4^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)}}+\: 8^{\displaystyle 3^{\displaystyle -1}}\\ &=9^{\displaystyle \left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)}}+\: 8^{\displaystyle \left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \right)}\\ &=9^\left( \sqrt{\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}} \right)+\: \left( 2^{\displaystyle 3} \right)^{\displaystyle \left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \right)}\\ &=\left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)+\: 2=3+2=5 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 38.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\\ &\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}+\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}+\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}+\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{5} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{5} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}\\ &\textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 3142\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 285\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle 3412\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 4116\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle 4096 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}+\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}+\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}+\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{5} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{5} \right)^{\displaystyle -1}}\\ &= 2^{\displaystyle 2}+3^{\displaystyle 3}+4^{\displaystyle 4}+5^{\displaystyle 5}\\ &=4+27+256+3125=3412 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 39.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: x\quad \textrm{jika}\quad 8^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -32^{\displaystyle x}}}=\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\quad \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-5\\ \textrm{b}.&-\displaystyle \frac{1}{5}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{5}\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\\ \textrm{e}.&-\displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\quad 8^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -32^{\displaystyle x}}}\\ &\textrm{Tak ada cara khusus untuk menyelesaikannya, tetapi}\\ &\textrm{kita mendapat petunjuk dari}\:\: 32^{\displaystyle x}=2^{\displaystyle 5x}.\\ &\textrm{Selanjutnya pilihannya jika tidak b ya c},\\ &\textrm{supaya 2 menjadi}\:\: \displaystyle \frac{1}{2}, \:\: \textrm{maka pilih b}.\\ &\textrm{Pengecekan}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle 8^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -32^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{5}}}}=\displaystyle 8^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -\left( 2^{\displaystyle 5} \right)^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{5}}}}\\ &=\displaystyle 8^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -1}}}=\displaystyle 8^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}}}=\displaystyle 8^{\displaystyle -\left( 3^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}}}\\ &=8^{\displaystyle -3^{\displaystyle -1}}=8^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{3}}=\left( 2^{\displaystyle 3} \right)^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{3}}=2^{\displaystyle -1}=\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}  \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 40.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: x^{\displaystyle 6}\quad \textrm{jika}\quad x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6}}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 12]{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}\quad \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&2\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\\ \textrm{d}.&-\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\\ \textrm{e}.&-2 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\quad x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6}}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 12]{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}\:=\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{12}}.\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa dengan memangkatkan 6}\\ &\textrm{di masing-masing ruas kita akan mendapatkan}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\left( x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6}} \right)^{\displaystyle 6}=\left( \left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{12}} \right)^{\displaystyle 6}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 6.x^{\displaystyle 6}}=\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( x^{\displaystyle 6} \right)^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle 6}}=\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right)}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{\displaystyle 6}=\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}  \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 7)

 $\begin{array}{ll}\\ 31.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{-1^{\displaystyle 0}+1^{\displaystyle 0}-2^{\displaystyle 0}+2^{\displaystyle 0}}{(-1)^{\displaystyle 0}+1^{\displaystyle 0}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-2\\ \textrm{b}.&-1\\ \textrm{c}.&0\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&2 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{-1^{\displaystyle 0}+1^{\displaystyle 0}-2^{\displaystyle 0}+2^{\displaystyle 0}}{(-1)^{\displaystyle 0}+1^{\displaystyle 0}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{-1+1-1+1}{1+1}=\frac{0}{2}=0  \end{aligned}  \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 32.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0}}}}-\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0^{\displaystyle 2}}}}-\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2}}}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&4\\ \textrm{b}.&6\\ \textrm{c}.&8\\ \textrm{d}.&10\\ \textrm{e}.&12 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0}}}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 1}}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 4}=16\\ &\textrm{Sedangkan untuk}\\ &\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0^{\displaystyle 2}}}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0}}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 1}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2}=4\\ &\textrm{Selanjutnya untuk}\\ &\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2}}}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0^{\displaystyle 4}}}=\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0}}=2^{\displaystyle 1}=2\\ &\textrm{Sehingga}\\ &\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0}}}}-\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0^{\displaystyle 2}}}}-\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 0^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle 2}}}}=16-4-2=10 \end{aligned}  \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 33.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle x\displaystyle ^{\displaystyle x}=256,\quad \textrm{maka nilai}\quad x^{\displaystyle 2}-2^{\displaystyle x}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-4\\ \textrm{b}.&-1\\ \textrm{c}.&0\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&4 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle x\displaystyle ^{\displaystyle x}=256= 16^{\displaystyle 2}=\left( 4 ^{\displaystyle 2} \right)^{\displaystyle 2}=4^{\displaystyle 4}\Leftrightarrow x=4\\ &\textrm{Sehingga untuk}\\ &x^{\displaystyle 2}-2^{\displaystyle x}=4^{\displaystyle 2}-2^{\displaystyle 4}=16-16=0  \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 34.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\quad \displaystyle \frac{2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle n}+2^{\displaystyle n+1}}}{2^{\displaystyle 3.2^{\displaystyle n}}}\quad \textrm{adalah}\:....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{8}\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&2 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle n}+2^{\displaystyle n+1}}}{2^{\displaystyle 3.2^{\displaystyle n}}}=\displaystyle \frac{2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle n}+2^{\displaystyle n}.2^{\displaystyle 1}}}{2^{\displaystyle 3.2^{\displaystyle n}}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{2^{\displaystyle 2^{\displaystyle n}+2.2^{\displaystyle n}}}{2^{\displaystyle 3.2^{\displaystyle n}}}=\displaystyle \frac{2^{\displaystyle (1+2).2^{\displaystyle n}}}{2^{\displaystyle 3.2^{\displaystyle n}}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{2^{\displaystyle 3.2^{\displaystyle n}}}{2^{\displaystyle 3.2^{\displaystyle n}}}=1 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 35.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{64} \right)^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -1}}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&1\\ \textrm{b}.&4\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\\ \textrm{d}.&-\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\\ \textrm{e}.&-4 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{64} \right)^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -2^{\displaystyle -1}}}=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{64} \right)^{\displaystyle -9^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}}}\\ &=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{64} \right)^{\displaystyle -\left( \displaystyle \frac{1}{9} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}}=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{64} \right)^{\displaystyle -\sqrt{\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}}}\\ &=\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{64} \right)^{\displaystyle -\frac{1}{3}}=64^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}}=\left( 4^{\displaystyle 3} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}}=4^{\displaystyle \frac{3}{3}}=4  \end{aligned}  \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 6)

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 26.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \sqrt[4]{4}-\sqrt{2}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-2\\ \textrm{b}.&-1\\ \textrm{c}.&0\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&2 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \sqrt[4]{4}-\sqrt{2}=\displaystyle \sqrt[2]{\sqrt[2]{2^{2}}}-\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}=0 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 27.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{64}}{\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{64}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{b}.&\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{c}.&2\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{d}.&3\\ \textrm{e}.&4 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{64}}{\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{64}}=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{4^{\displaystyle 3}}}{\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{8^{\displaystyle 2}}}=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt[\displaystyle 3]{4^{\displaystyle 3}}}{\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{\sqrt{8}^{\displaystyle 4}}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{8}}\\ &=\frac{4}{\sqrt{8}}\times \frac{\sqrt{8}}{\sqrt{8}}=\frac{4}{8}\left( \sqrt{8} \right)\\ &=\frac{1}{2}\left( 2\sqrt{2} \right)=\sqrt{2} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 28.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{25}}}{\sqrt{5}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&5\\ \textrm{b}.&\sqrt{5}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{5}\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{25}}}{\sqrt{5}}=\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt[\displaystyle 2]{5^{\displaystyle 2}}}}{\sqrt{5}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}}=1 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 29.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{49\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{7\sqrt{49}}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&7\\ \textrm{b}.&7\sqrt{7}\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{7}\\ \textrm{d}.&\sqrt{7}\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle \sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{7} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{e}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{49\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{7\sqrt{49}}}=\displaystyle \frac{7.\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{7}}{\sqrt{7}.\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{49}}=\displaystyle \frac{7.\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{7}}{\sqrt{7}.\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{7^{\displaystyle 2}}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{7.\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{7}}{\sqrt{7}.\sqrt{7}}=\displaystyle \frac{7.\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{7}}{7}=\sqrt[\displaystyle 4]{7} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

 $\begin{array}{ll}\\ 30.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}-\left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-2\\ \textrm{b}.&-1\\ \textrm{c}.&0\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&2 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^{4}=\left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{2}\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{4}{1}}=\left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{2}{1}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}=\left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \left( \frac{1}{2} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}}-\left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^{\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}}=0 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 5)

 $\begin{array}{ll}\\ 21.&(\textbf{UM UGM 05})\textrm{Hasil dari}\\ &\sqrt{0,3+\sqrt{0,08}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\: ,\: \textrm{maka}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&25\\ \textrm{b}.&20\\ \textrm{c}.&15\\ \textrm{d}.&10\\ \textrm{e}.&5 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\begin{aligned}\sqrt{0,3+\sqrt{0,08}}&=\sqrt{0,2+0,1+\sqrt{4\times 0,2\times 0,1}}\\ &=\sqrt{0,2+0,1+2\sqrt{\times 0,2\times 0,1}}\\ &=\sqrt{0,2}+\sqrt{0,1}\\ \textrm{maka},\: \: a=0,2&,\: \: b=0,1\\ \textrm{sehingga}\: \displaystyle \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}&=\displaystyle \frac{1}{0,2}+\frac{1}{0,1}=5+10=15\\ \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 22.&(\textbf{SPMB 06})\textrm{Jika bilangan bulat}\: \: a\: \: \: \textrm{dan}\: \: b\: \: \textrm{memenuhi}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{6}}=a+b\sqrt{30}\: ,\: \textrm{maka}\: \: ab=....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-22\\ \textrm{b}.&-11\\ \textrm{c}.&-9\\ \textrm{d}.&2\\ \textrm{e}.&13 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{a}\\ &\begin{aligned}\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{6}}&=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{6}}\times \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{5-2\sqrt{30}+6}{5-6}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{11-2\sqrt{30}}{-1}\\ &=-11+2\sqrt{30}\\ \textrm{sehingga}&\: \: \: a=-11,\: \: b=2,\: \: \textrm{maka}\\ ab&=(-11)\times 2\\ &=-22 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 23.&(\textbf{OSK 2013})\textrm{Misal}\: \: a\: \: \textrm{dan}\: \: b\: \: \textrm{bilangan asli}\\ &\textrm{dengan}\: \: a>b.\: \: \textrm{Jika} \: \: \sqrt{94+2\sqrt{2013}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\\ &\textrm{maka nilai} \: \: a-b\: \: \textrm{adalah... .}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\\ &\begin{aligned} \sqrt{94+2\sqrt{2013}}&=\sqrt{61+33+2\sqrt{61\times 33}}\\ &=\sqrt{61}+\sqrt{33}\\ &=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\\ \textrm{Sehingga}\: \: a&=61,\: \: b=33,\: \: \textrm{maka}\\ a-b&=61-33\\ &=28 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 24.&\textrm{Daerah hasil dari fungsi eksponen}\: \: y\: =x^{- \frac{2}{3}}\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\ &\begin{array}{lllllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&y< 0\\ \textrm{b}.&y> 0\\ \textrm{c}.&y\geq 0\\ \textrm{d}.&y\leq 0\\ \textrm{e}.&\textrm{Semua bilangan real} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{Perhatikanlah gambar berikut} \end{array}$

$.\quad\: \, \begin{aligned}\textrm{diketahui}&\\ y\: &=x^{-\displaystyle \frac{2}{3}}\\ y^{3}\: &=x^{-2}\\ y^{3}\: &=\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{2}},\: \textrm{atau}\\ y^{3}\times x^{2}\: &=1,\\ \textrm{sehingga}&\: \: y\: \: \textrm{tidak mungkin berharga}\: \: 0 \end{aligned}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 25.&\textrm{Jika}\: \: f(x)=b^{x},\: \: \textrm{di mana konstan positif},\\\\ &\displaystyle \frac{f\left ( x^{2}+x \right )}{f(x+1)}= ....\\ &\begin{array}{lllllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&f\left ( x^{2} \right )&&&\\ \textrm{b}.&f(x+1)f(x-1)\\ \textrm{c}.&f(x+1)+f(x-1)\\ \textrm{d}.&f(x+1)-f(x-1)\\ \textrm{e}.&f\left ( x^{2}-1 \right ) \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{e}\\ &\begin{aligned}\displaystyle \frac{f\left ( x^{2}+x \right )}{f(x+1)}&=\frac{b^{x^{2}+x}}{b^{x+1}}\\ &=b^{x^{2}+x-(x+1)}\\ &=b^{x^{2}-1}\\ &=f\left ( x^{2}-1 \right ) \end{aligned} \end{array}$

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 4)

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 16.&\textrm{Nilai}\: \: x\: \: \textrm{yang memenuhi}\\ &x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\cdots }}}}}=2026 \: \: \textrm{adalah... .}\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\sqrt{2026}\\ \textrm{b}.&\sqrt[\displaystyle 2026]{2026}\\ \textrm{c}.&2026^{\sqrt{2026}}\\ \textrm{d}.&\sqrt{2026}^{\sqrt{2026}}\\ \textrm{e}.&\sqrt{2026\sqrt{2026}} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\begin{aligned}x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\displaystyle x^{\cdots }}}}}&=2026\\ x^{2026}&=2026\\ x&=\sqrt[\displaystyle 2026]{2026} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 17.&\textrm{Nilai}\: \: x\: \: \textrm{yang memenuhi}\\ & \sqrt{x+\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x+\cdots }}}=3 \: \: \textrm{adalah... .}\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&3\\ \textrm{b}.&6\\ \textrm{c}.&7\\ \textrm{d}.&8\\ \textrm{e}.&9 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\begin{aligned}\textrm{Misalkan}\quad A&=\sqrt{+\sqrt{x+\sqrt{+\cdots }}}\\ \sqrt{x+\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x+\cdots }}}&=3\\ \textrm{dikuadratkan}&\\ x+\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x+\cdots }}}&=9\\ x+3&=9\\ x&=9-3\\ x&=6 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 18.&\textrm{Nilai}\: \: x\: \: \textrm{yang memenuhi}\\ &x=\sqrt[3]{49\sqrt[3]{49\sqrt[3]{49\cdots }}} \: \: \textrm{adalah... .}\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&7\sqrt[7]{7}\\ \textrm{b}.&7\\ \textrm{c}.&14\\ \textrm{d}.&49\\ \textrm{e}.&\sqrt[3]{81} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\begin{aligned}x&=\sqrt[3]{49\sqrt[3]{49\sqrt[3]{49\cdots }}}\\ x^{3}&=49\sqrt[3]{49\sqrt[3]{49\sqrt[3]{49\cdots }}}\\ x^{3}&=49x\\ x^{2}&=49\\ x&=\sqrt{49}\\ &=7 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 19.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{1+\sqrt[3]{2}}{1+\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}}\\ &\textrm{adalah... .}\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&1\\ \textrm{b}.&\sqrt[3]{2}+1\\ \textrm{c}.&\sqrt[3]{2}-1\\ \textrm{d}.&\sqrt[3]{4}+1\\ \textrm{e}.&\sqrt[3]{4}-1 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{e}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{1+\sqrt[3]{2}}{1+\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}}\times \frac{\sqrt[3]{2}-1}{\sqrt[3]{2}-1}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\left ( \sqrt[3]{2} \right )^{2}-1}{\sqrt[3]{2}+\sqrt[3]{4}+\sqrt[3]{8}-1-\sqrt[3]{2}-\sqrt[3]{4}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt[3]{4}-1}{\sqrt[3]{8}-1}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt[3]{4}-1}{2-1}\\ &=\sqrt[3]{4}-1 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 20.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}\\ &\textrm{adalah... .}\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&1\\ \textrm{b}.&2\sqrt{2}-1\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{d}.&\sqrt{\displaystyle \frac{5}{3}}\\ \textrm{e}.&\sqrt{\displaystyle \frac{2}{5}} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{a}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}}-\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}}\times \frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}} -\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{7+3\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\left ( \sqrt{2}-1 \right )\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\left ( \displaystyle \frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}} \right )+\left ( \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{\sqrt{2}} \right )}{\sqrt{5}+1}+1-\sqrt{2}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\displaystyle \frac{2+2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}}{1+\sqrt{5}}+1-\sqrt{2}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{2}{\sqrt{2}}+1-\sqrt{2}\\ &=\sqrt{2}+1-\sqrt{2}\\ &=1 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 3)

$\begin{array}{l}\\ 11.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\\ & \displaystyle \frac{2^{2026}+2^{2027}}{3}-2^{2026}\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\begin{array}{lllllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-2&&&\\ \textrm{b}.&-1\\ \textrm{c}.&0\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&2 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{2^{2026}+2^{2027}}{3}-2^{2026}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{2^{2026}+2^{2027}-3.2^{2026}}{3}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{1.2^{2026}+2^{1}.2^{2026}-3.2^{2026}}{3}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{(3-3).2^{2026}}{3}\\ &=0 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{l}\\ 12.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{2^{2026}+2^{2027}+2^{2028}}{2^{2029}+2^{2030}+2^{2031}}\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\begin{array}{lllllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&0,125&&&\\ \textrm{b}.&0,\overline{333}\\ \textrm{c}.&0,45\\ \textrm{d}.&0,5\\ \textrm{e}.&0,\overline{666} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{a}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle \frac{2^{2026}+2^{2027}+2^{2028}}{2^{2029}+2^{2030}+2^{2031}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{1.2^{2026}+2^{1}.2^{2026}+2^{2}.2^{2026}}{2^{3}.2^{2026}+2^{4}.2^{2026}+2^{5}.2^{2026}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{(1+2+4).2^{2026}}{(8+16+32).2^{2026}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{7}{56}=\frac{1}{8}=0,125 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{l}\\ 13.&\textrm{Jika nilai dari}\\ &a^{\displaystyle a}=3\: ,\: \textrm{maka nilai}\quad a^{\displaystyle a^{\displaystyle a+1}}\quad \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\begin{array}{lllllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&9&&&\\ \textrm{b}.&18\\ \textrm{c}.&27\\ \textrm{d}.&81\\ \textrm{e}.&243 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\begin{aligned}&\displaystyle a^{\displaystyle a^{\displaystyle a+1}}=a^{\displaystyle a^{\displaystyle a}.a}=a^{\displaystyle 3.a}=\left( a^{\displaystyle a} \right)^{3}=3^{3}=27 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

 $\begin{array}{ll}\\ 14.&\textrm{Hitunglah}\:\\\\ &\quad\quad\qquad \displaystyle \sqrt[8]{2207-\displaystyle \frac{1}{2207-\displaystyle \frac{1}{2207-\displaystyle \frac{1}{2207-\displaystyle \frac{1}{...}}}}}\\\\ &\textrm{nyatakan jawabannya dalam bentuk }\: \displaystyle \frac{a\pm b\sqrt{c}}{d}\\ &\textrm{dengan a, b, c, dan d bilangan-bilangan bulat}\\ \end{array}$

Pembahasan:

$\begin{aligned}x^{8}&=2207-\displaystyle \underset{x^{8}}{\underbrace{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2207-\frac{1}{2207-\frac{1}{2207-...}}}}}\\ x^{8}&=2207-\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{8}}\\ x^{8}+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{8}}&=2207\\ \left ( x^{4}+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{4}} \right )^{2}&=2207+2\\ \left ( x^{4}+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{4}} \right )&=\sqrt{2209}=47 \end{aligned}$

$\begin{aligned}x^{4}+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{4}}&=47\\ \left ( x^{2}+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{2}} \right )^{2}&=47+2\\ x^{2}+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{2}}&=\sqrt{49}=7\\ \left ( x+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x} \right )^{2}&=7+2\\ x+\displaystyle \frac{1}{x}&=\sqrt{9}=3\\ x^{2}-3x+1&=0,\\ &\textrm{persamaan kuadrat dalam x,}\\ & \textbf{gunakan rumus abc}\\ x_{1,2}=&\displaystyle \frac{3\pm \sqrt{5}}{2}=\displaystyle \frac{3\pm 1\sqrt{5}}{2}=\displaystyle \frac{a\pm b\sqrt{c}}{d}\\ &\textbf{Sehingga},\quad \begin{cases} & a=3 \\ & b=1 \\ & c=5 \\ & d=2 \end{cases} \end{aligned}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 15.&\textrm{Diketahui}\\ &x=\displaystyle \frac{1+p+p^{2}+p^{3}+\cdots +p^{n-1}}{1+p+p^{2}+p^{3}+\cdots +p^{n-2}+p^{n-1}+p^{n}} \\ &y=\displaystyle \frac{1+q+q^{2}+q^{3}+\cdots +q^{n-1}}{1+q+q^{2}+q^{3}+\cdots +q^{n-2}+q^{n-1}+q^{n}}\\\\ &\textrm{dan}\: \: p>q>0\\\\ &\textrm{Tunjukkan bahwa}\: \: x<y \\\\\\ &\textbf{Bukti}:\\ &\begin{aligned}&\textrm{Perhatikan bahwa}:\: \: p>q>0\\ &\textrm{sehingga}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{1}{p}< \frac{1}{q},\: \: \displaystyle \frac{1}{p^{2}}< \frac{1}{q^{2}},\cdots , \displaystyle \frac{1}{p^{n}}< \frac{1}{q^{n}}\\ &\textrm{Jika bentuk di atas dijumlahkan, maka}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{p^{2}}+\cdots +\frac{1}{p^{n}}< \frac{1}{q}+\frac{1}{q^{2}}+\cdots +\frac{1}{q^{n}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{p^{n-1}+\cdots +p^{2}+p+1}{p^{n}}< \displaystyle \frac{q^{n-1}+\cdots +q^{2}+q+1}{q^{n}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{p^{n}}{1+p+p^{2}+\cdots +p^{n-1}}>\displaystyle \frac{q^{n}}{1+q+q^{2}+\cdots +q^{n-1}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{p^{n}}{1+p+p^{2}+\cdots +p^{n-1}}+1>\displaystyle \frac{q^{n}}{1+q+q^{2}+\cdots +q^{n-1}}+1\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{1+p+p^{2}+\cdots +p^{n-1}+p^{n}}{1+p+p^{2}+\cdots +p^{n-1}}>\displaystyle \frac{1+q+q^{2}+\cdots +q^{n-1}+q^{n}}{1+q+q^{2}+\cdots +q^{n-1}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{1+p+p^{2}+\cdots +p^{n-1}}{1+p+p^{2}+\cdots +p^{n-1}+p^{n}}<\displaystyle \frac{1+q+q^{2}+\cdots +q^{n-1}}{1+q+q^{2}+\cdots +q^{n-1}+q^{n}}\\ &\Leftrightarrow x<y\qquad \blacksquare  \end{aligned}  \end{array}$.

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 2)

 $\begin{array}{l}\\ 06.&\textrm{Jumlah akar-akar persamaan}\\ & 5^{x+1}+5^{2-x}-30=0\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\begin{array}{lllllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-2&&&\\ \textrm{b}.&-1\\ \textrm{c}.&0\\ \textrm{d}.&1\\ \textrm{e}.&2 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\begin{aligned}5^{x+1}+5^{2-x}-30&=0\\ \left (5^{x} \right ).5^{1}+\displaystyle \frac{5^{2}}{5^{x}}-30&=0\\ 5\left ( 5^{x} \right )^{2}+25-30\left ( 5^{x} \right )&=0\\ \textrm{Persamaan kuadrat}&\: \textrm{dalam}\: \: 5^{x},\: \textrm{maka}\\ 5(5^{x})^{2}-30(5^{x})+25&=0\begin{cases} a & =5 \\ b & =-30 \\ c & =25 \end{cases}\\ (5^{x_{1}}).\left ( 5^{x_{2}} \right )&=\displaystyle \frac{c}{a}\\ 5^{x_{1}+x_{2}}&=\displaystyle \frac{25}{5}=5\\ 5^{x_{1}+x_{2}}&=5^{1}\\ x_{1}+x_{2}&=1 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 07.&\textrm{Jumlah akar-akar persamaan}\\ &2020^{x^{2}-7x+7}=2021^{x^{2}-7x+7}\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\begin{array}{lllllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&-7\\ \textrm{b}.&-5\\ \textrm{c}.&-3\\ \textrm{d}.&5\\ \textrm{e}.&7 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{e}\\ &\begin{aligned}2020^{x^{2}-7x+7}&=2021^{x^{2}-7x+7}\\ \textrm{Karena basis}&\: \textrm{tidak sama},\\ \textrm{maka harusl}&\textrm{ah pangkatnya}=0,\\ x^{2}-7x+7&=0\\ \textrm{dan jumlah}\: &\textrm{akar-akarnya adalah}:\\ x_{1}+x_{2}&=-\displaystyle \frac{b}{a}, \: \: \textrm{dari persamaan}\\ x^{2}-7x+7&=0\begin{cases} a &=1 \\ b &=-7 \\ c &=7 \end{cases}\\ \textrm{maka}\: \: x_{1}+x_{2}&=-\displaystyle \frac{b}{a}=-\frac{-7}{1}=7 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 08.&\textrm{Nilai dari}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{2^{2020}+2^{2018}}{2^{2018}+2^{2016}} \: \: \textrm{adalah... .}\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&2\\ \textrm{b}.&5\\ \textrm{c}.&10\\ \textrm{d}.&20\\ \textrm{e}.&40 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{b}\\ &\begin{aligned}\displaystyle \frac{2^{2020}+2^{2018}}{2^{2018}+2^{2016}}&=\displaystyle \frac{2^{4}.2^{2016}+2^{2}.2^{2016}}{2^{2}.2^{2018}+2^{2016}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{2^{2016}\left ( 2^{4}+2^{2} \right )}{2^{2016}\left ( 2^{2}+1 \right )}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{16+4}{4+1}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{20}{5}\\ &=4 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 09.&(\textbf{UM IPB})\textrm{Jika}\: \: ab=a^{b} \: \: \textrm{dan}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{a}{b}=a^{3b}\\ &\textrm{maka nilai}\: \: a\: \: \textrm{adalah}....\\ &\begin{array}{llll}\\ \textrm{a}.&0\\ \textrm{b}.&0,5\\ \textrm{c}.&1\\ \textrm{d}.&0,25\\ \textrm{e}.&0,75 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{a}\\ &\begin{aligned}\textrm{Diketahui}&\\ ab&=a^{b}\\ b&=\displaystyle \frac{a^{b}}{a}=a^{b-1}.....\textbf{1}\\ \textrm{maka}&\\ \displaystyle \frac{a}{b}&=a^{3b}...............\textbf{2}\\ \textbf{1}&\: \: ke\: \: \textbf{2}\\ \displaystyle \frac{a}{a^{b-1}}&=a^{3b}\\ a^{2-b}&=a^{3b}\\ 2-b&=3b\\ -4b&=-2\\ b&=\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}................\textbf{3}\\ \textbf{3}&\: \: ke\: \: \textbf{1}\\ a\left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )&=a^{\frac{1}{2}}\\ \displaystyle \frac{1}{4}a^{2}&=a\\ a^{2}-4a&=0\\ a(a-4)&=0\\ a=0\: \: &\textrm{atau}\: \: a=4 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 10.&\textrm{Jika}\: \: \displaystyle 3.x^{^{^{^{ \frac{3}{2}}}}}=4\: ,\: \textrm{maka}\: \: x=\: ....\\ &\begin{array}{llllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle 1,1\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle 1,2\\ \textrm{c}.&1,3\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle 1,4\\ \textrm{e}.&1,5\\\\ &&&(\textbf{SAT Test Math Level 2})\\ \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{c}\\ &\begin{aligned}\displaystyle 3.x^{^{^{^{ \frac{3}{2}}}}}&=4\\ \left (3.x^{^{^{^{ \frac{3}{2}}}}} \right )^{2}&=4^{2}\\ 3^{2}.x^{3}&=4^{2}\\ x^{3}&=\displaystyle \frac{4^{2}}{3^{2}}\\ x^{3}&=\displaystyle \frac{4^{2}}{3^{2}}\times \frac{3}{3}\\ x^{3}&\leq \displaystyle \frac{4^{2}}{3^{2}}\times \frac{4}{3}\\ x^{3}&\leq \left ( \displaystyle \frac{4^{3}}{3^{3}} \right )\\ x^{3}&\leq \left ( \displaystyle \frac{4}{3} \right )^{3}\\ x&\leq \displaystyle \frac{4}{3}\\ x&\leq 1,\overline{333}\\ x&\approx 1,3 \end{aligned} \end{array}$

EKSPONEN-ANEKA CONTOH SOAL LANJUTAN (BAGIAN 1)

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 01.&\textrm{Jika bentuk}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{ab^{-1}}{a^{-1}-b^{-1}}\\ & \textrm{dinyatakan dalam pangkat positif}=\: ....\\ &\begin{array}{llllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&\displaystyle \frac{a^{2}}{a-b}&&&\\\\ \textrm{b}.&\displaystyle \frac{a^{2}}{a-1}\\\\ \textrm{c}.&\displaystyle \frac{b-a}{ab}\\\\ \textrm{d}.&\displaystyle \frac{a^{2}}{b-a}\\\\ \textrm{e}.&\displaystyle \frac{1}{a-b}\\\\ &&&&(\textbf{SAT Test Math Level 2})\\ \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\quad \textbf{d}\\ &\begin{aligned}\displaystyle \frac{ab^{-1}}{a^{-1}-b^{-1}}&=\displaystyle \frac{ab^{-1}}{a^{-1}-b^{-1}}\times \frac{b}{b}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{a}{a^{-1}b-1}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{a}{a^{-1}b-1}\times \frac{a}{a}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{a^{2}}{b-a} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 02.&\textrm{Jika terdapat hubungan berikut}\\ &\textrm{a}.\quad 2^{p}=3^{q}=6^{r},\: \: \textrm{tunjukkan bahwa}\: \: pr+qr-pq=0\\ &\textrm{b}.\quad 2^{x}=3^{2y}=6^{z},\: \: \textrm{tunjukkan bahwa }\: \: 2xy-2yz-xz=0\\ &\textrm{c}.\quad 3^{15a}=5^{5b}=15^{3c},\: \: \textrm{tunjukkan bahwa }\: \: 5ab-bc-3ac=0\\\\ &\textrm{Bukti}\\ &\textrm{Yang akan ditunjukkan adalah no. 02 yang poin c, yaitu:}\\ &\begin{aligned}3^{15a}=5^{5b}=15^{3c}&\begin{cases} 3=5^{\frac{5b}{15a}} & \\ 3^{\frac{15a}{5b}}=b &\left ( a^{b}=c^{d}\rightarrow a=c^{\frac{d}{b}}\: \: \textrm{atau}\: \: a^{\frac{b}{d}}=c \right ) \end{cases}\\ 3^{15a}&=15^{3c}\\ 3^{15a}&=(3\times 5)^{3c}\\ 3^{15a}&=(3\times 3^{\frac{15a}{5b}})^{3c}\\ 3^{15a}&=3^{3c+\frac{9c}{b}}\\ a^{f(x)}&=a^{g(x)}\\ f(x)&=g(x)\\ 15a&=3c+\frac{9ac}{b}\\ 15ab&=3bc+9ac\\ 5ab&=bc+3ac\\ 5ab-bc-3ac&=0\quad \color{black}\blacksquare \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 03.&\textrm{Diketahui bahwa}\quad 5^{p}=9^{q}=2025, \: \textrm{nilai}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{pq}{p+q}=....\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\\  &\begin{aligned}&5^{p}=9^{q}=2025=45^{2} \quad \textrm{dengan}\quad\begin{cases} 5=9^{\frac{q}{p}} & \\ 5^{\frac{p}{q}}=9  \end{cases}\\ &\Leftrightarrow  5^{p}=(5\times 9)=5^{2}\times 9^{2}\\ &\Leftrightarrow 5^{p}=5^{2}\times \left(5^{\frac{p}{q}}  \right)^{2}\\ &\Leftrightarrow 5^{p}=5^{2+\displaystyle \frac{2p}{q}},\quad \textrm{ingat}\quad a^{f(x)}=a^{g(x)}\Rightarrow f(x)=g(x)\\ &\Leftrightarrow p=2+\displaystyle \frac{2p}{q}\\ &\Leftrightarrow pq=2q+2p=2(p+q)\\ &\Leftrightarrow \displaystyle \frac{pq}{p+q}=2   \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 04.&\textrm{Bentuk sederhana dari}\\ &\sqrt{33+\sqrt{800}}-\sqrt{27-2\sqrt{162}}=....\\\\ &\qquad\qquad\qquad(\textbf{SIMAK UI 2012 Mat IPA})\\ &\begin{array}{llllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&2-\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{b}.&8-\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{c}.&-2+\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{d}.&2+5\sqrt{2}\\ \textrm{e}.&8+5\sqrt{2} \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\qquad \textbf{b}\\ &\textrm{misalkan},\\ &\begin{aligned}x&=\sqrt{33+\sqrt{800}}-\sqrt{27-2\sqrt{162}}\\ &=\left ( \sqrt{33+20\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{27-2.9\sqrt{2}}\: \right )\\ &=\sqrt{33+20\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{27-18\sqrt{2}}\\ x^{2}&=33+20\sqrt{2}+27-18\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{\left ( 33+20\sqrt{2} \right )\left ( 27-18\sqrt{2} \right )}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{33.27-33.18\sqrt{2}+27.20\sqrt{2}-20.18.2}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{891-720+540\sqrt{2}-594\sqrt{2}}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{171-54\sqrt{2}}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{171-2.27\sqrt{2}}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{171-2\sqrt{27.27}\sqrt{2}}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{171-2\sqrt{162.9}}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{162+9-2\sqrt{162.9}}\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\left ( \sqrt{162}-\sqrt{9} \right )\\ &=60+2\sqrt{2}-2\left ( 9\sqrt{2}-3 \right )\\ x^{2}&=66-16\sqrt{2}\\ x&=\sqrt{66-2.8\sqrt{2}}\\ &=\sqrt{64+2-2\sqrt{64.2}}\\ &=\sqrt{64}-\sqrt{2}\\ &=8-\sqrt{2} \end{aligned} \end{array}$

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 05.&\textrm{Jika}\: \: \displaystyle \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}=\displaystyle \frac{a\sqrt{2}+b\sqrt{3}+c\sqrt{5}}{12}\: ,\\\\ &\textrm{maka}\: \: a+b+c=....\\ &\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad (\textbf{UM UGM 2016 Mat Das})\\ &\begin{array}{llllllll}\\ \textrm{a}.&0\\ \textrm{b}.&1\\ \textrm{c}.&2\\ \textrm{d}.&3\\ \textrm{e}.&4 \end{array}\\\\ &\textrm{Jawab}:\qquad \textbf{e}\\ &\begin{aligned}\displaystyle \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}&=\displaystyle \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}\times \displaystyle \frac{\left ( \sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5} \right )}{\left ( \sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5} \right )}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{\left ( \sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3} \right )^{2}-\left ( \sqrt{5} \right )^{2}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{2+3+2\sqrt{2.3}-5}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{6}}\times \displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{6}}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{12}+\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{30}}{12}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{2\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{30}}{12}\\ &=\displaystyle \frac{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{30}}{12}\\ &\quad \begin{cases} a &=3 \\ b &=2 \\ c &=-1 \end{cases}\\ a+b+c&=3+2+(-1)\\ &=4 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Baskoro, B.D. 2012. Aljabar dan Trigonometri Cespleng Olimpiade Matematika. Yogyakarta: BERLIAN
2. Departamento Pedagógico de la Organización Educativa TRILCE. 2007. Álgebra 4° Año. Peru
3. Kanginan, M., Nurdiansyah, H., Akhmad, G. 2016. Matematika untuk Siswa SMA/MA Kelas X Kelompok Peminatan Matematika dan Ilmu-Ilmu Alam. Bnadung: SEWU.
4. Kanginan, M., Terzalgi, Y. 2013. Matematika untuk SMA-MA/SMK Kelas X Wajib. Bandung: SEWU.
5. Tung, Khoe Yao. 2012. Pintar Matematika SMA Kelas XII IPA untuk Olimpiade dan Pengayaan Pelajaran. Yogyakarta: ANDI.
6. Valentin, T. Salvador. 2010. Algebra. Lima: San Marcos.

EKSPONEN (LANJUTAN 3)

D. PERSAMAAN EKSPONEN

Berikut bentuk persamaan eksponen yang sering digunakan terangkum dalam tabel berikut beserta cara penyelesaiannya

$\begin{array}{|c|l|l|}\hline \textbf{No}&\textbf{Persamaan Eksponen}&\textbf{Penyelesaian}\\\hline 1&a^{f(x)}=1,\: \: a>0,a\neq 1&f(x)=0\\\hline 2&a^{f(x)}=a^{p},\: \: a>0,a\neq 1&f(x)=p\\\hline 3&a^{f(x)}=a^{g(x)},\: \: a>0,a\neq 1&f(x)=g(x)\\\hline 4&a^{f(x)}=b^{f(x)},\: \: a>0,a\neq 1&f(x)=0\\ &\qquad\quad \textrm{dan}\: \: b>0,\: b\neq 1&\\\hline 5&h(x)^{f(x)}=h(x)^{g(x)}&\begin{aligned}(1)\: &f(x)=g(x)\\ (2)\: &h(x)=1\\ (3)\: &h(x)=0\\ &\textrm{dengan syarat}\\ &f(x)> 0\: \: \textrm{dan}\\ &g(x)> 0\\ (4)\: &h(x)=-1\\ &\textrm{dengan syarat}\\ &f(x)\: \textrm{dan}\: g(x)\\ &\textrm{keduanya}\\ &\textrm{genap atau}\\ &\textrm{keduanya}\\ &\textrm{ganjil}\\ &\textrm{atau}\\ &\textrm{dapat juga}\\ &\textrm{ditunjukkan}\\ &(-1)^{f(x)}=(-1)^{g(x)} \end{aligned}\\\hline 6&g(x)^{f(x)}=h(x)^{f(x)}&\begin{aligned}(1)\: &g(x)=h(x)\\ (2)\: &f(x)=0\\ &\textrm{dengan syarat}\\ &g(x)\neq 0\: \: \textrm{dan}\\ &h(x)\neq 0\\ \end{aligned}\\\hline 7&f(x)^{g(x)}=1&\begin{aligned}(1)\: &f(x)=1\\ (2)\: &f(x)=-1\\ &\textrm{dengan syarat}\\ &g(x)\: \: \textrm{genap}\\ (3)\: &g(x)=0\\ &\textrm{dengan syarat}\\ &f(x)\neq 0 \end{aligned}\\\hline 8&A\left ( a^{f(x)} \right )^{2}+B\left ( a^{f(x)} \right )+C=0&\begin{aligned}&\textrm{ubah}\: \: a^{f(x)}=y\\ &\textrm{sehingga}\\ &Ay^{2}+By+C=0\\ &\textrm{selanjutnya}\\ &\textrm{substitusikan}\\ &\textrm{nilai}\: \: y\: \: \textrm{ke}\\ &\textrm{persamaan}\\ &a^{f(x)}=y \end{aligned}\\\hline \end{array}$.

$\LARGE{CONTOH SOAL}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 1.&\textrm{Tentukan himpunan penyelesaian dari}\\ &\textrm{a}.\quad 2^{2x-2021}=1\\ &\textrm{b}.\quad \left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )^{2x-2021}=1\\ &\textrm{c}.\quad \sqrt{2}^{2x-2021}=1\\\\  &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}\hline \textrm{a}&\textrm{b}&\textrm{c}\\\hline \begin{aligned} 2^{2x-2021}&=1\\ 2^{2x-2021}&=2^{0}\\ 2x-2021&=0\\ 2x&=2021\\ x&=\displaystyle \frac{2021}{2}\\ & \end{aligned}&\begin{aligned} \left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )^{2x-2021}&=1\\ \left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )^{2x-2021}&=\left ( \frac{1}{2} \right )^{0}\\ 2x-2021&=0\\ 2x&=2021\\ x&=\displaystyle \frac{2021}{2} \end{aligned}&\begin{aligned} \sqrt{2}^{2x-2021}&=1\\ \sqrt{2}^{2x-2021}&=\sqrt{2}^{0}\\ 2x-2021&=0\\ 2x&=2021\\ x&=\displaystyle \frac{2021}{2}\\ & \end{aligned}\\\hline \textbf{HP}=\left \{ \displaystyle \frac{2021}{2} \right \}&\textbf{HP}=\left \{ \displaystyle \frac{2021}{2} \right \}&\textbf{HP}=\left \{ \displaystyle \frac{2021}{2} \right \}\\\hline \end{array}\\  \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 2.&\textrm{Tentukan himpunan penyelesaian dari}\\ &\textrm{a}.\quad 2^{2x-2021}=128\\ &\textrm{b}.\quad \left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )^{2x-2021}=128\\ &\textrm{c}.\quad \sqrt{2}^{2x-2021}=128\\\\  &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}\hline \textrm{a}&\textrm{b}&\textrm{c}\\\hline \begin{aligned} 2^{2x-2021}&=128\\ 2^{2x-2021}&=2^{7}\\ 2x-2021&=7\\ 2x=7&+2021\\ x=\displaystyle \frac{2028}{2}&=1014\\ & \end{aligned}&\begin{aligned} \left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )^{2x-2021}&=128\\ \left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )^{2x-2021}&=\left ( \displaystyle \frac{1}{2} \right )^{-7}\\ 2x-2021&=-7\\ 2x=2021&-7\\ x=\displaystyle \frac{2014}{2}&=1007 \end{aligned}&\begin{aligned} \sqrt{2}^{2x-2021}&=128\\ \sqrt{2}^{2x-2021}&=\sqrt{2}^{256}\\ 2x-2021&=256\\ 2x=2021&+256\\ x&=\displaystyle \frac{2277}{2}\\ & \end{aligned}\\\hline \textbf{HP}=\left \{ 1014 \right \}&\textbf{HP}=\left \{ \displaystyle 1007 \right \}&\textbf{HP}=\left \{ \displaystyle \frac{2277}{2} \right \}\\\hline \end{array}\\  \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 3.&(\textbf{SPMB 04})\textrm{Nilai}\: \: x\: \: \textrm{yang memenuhi}\\ &\displaystyle \frac{27}{3^{2x-1}}=81^{-0,125} \: \: \textrm{adalah... .}\\\\ &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\begin{aligned}\displaystyle \frac{27}{3^{2x-1}}&=81^{-0,125}\\ 3^{3-(2x-1)}&=3^{4(\frac{1}{8})}\\ 3-2x+1&=-\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\\ -2x+4&=-\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\\ -x+2&=-\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\\ -x&=-2-\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\\ -x&=-2\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\\ x&=2\displaystyle \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 4.&(\textbf{UMPTN 00})\\ &\textrm{Bentuk}\: \: \left (\sqrt[3]{\displaystyle \frac{1}{243}} \right )^{3x}=\left ( \displaystyle \frac{3}{3^{x-2}} \right )^{2}\sqrt[3]{\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}}\\ &\textrm{Jika}\: \: x_{0}\: \: \textrm{memenuhi persamaan, maka nilai}\\ &1-\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}x_{0}=\: ....\\\\ &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\begin{aligned}\left (\sqrt[3]{\displaystyle \frac{1}{243}} \right )^{3x}&=\left ( \displaystyle \frac{3}{3^{x-2}} \right )^{2}\sqrt[3]{\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}}\\ 3^{-5x}&=3^{2(1-(x-2))}.3^{-\frac{2}{3}}\\ -5x&=2(1-(x-2))+\left ( -\displaystyle \frac{2}{3} \right ),\: \: \textrm{dikali}\: \: 3\\ -15x&=6(3-x)+(-2)\\ -15x&=18-6x-2\\ 6x-15x&=16\\ -9x&=16\\ x&=\displaystyle \frac{16}{-9}\\ x_{0}&=-\displaystyle \frac{16}{9},\: \: \textrm{selanjutnya}\\ 1-\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}x_{0}&=1-\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}\times \left (-\frac{16}{9} \right )\\ &=1+\frac{4}{3}\\ &=1+1\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\\ &=2\displaystyle \frac{1}{3} \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{l}\\ 5.&\textrm{Jumlah akar-akar persamaan}\\ & 5^{x+1}+5^{2-x}-30=0\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\begin{aligned}5^{x+1}+5^{2-x}-30&=0\\ \left (5^{x} \right ).5^{1}+\displaystyle \frac{5^{2}}{5^{x}}-30&=0\\ 5\left ( 5^{x} \right )^{2}+25-30\left ( 5^{x} \right )&=0\\ \textrm{Persamaan kuadrat}&\: \textrm{dalam}\: \: 5^{x},\: \textrm{maka}\\ 5(5^{x})^{2}-30(5^{x})+25&=0\begin{cases} a & =5 \\ b & =-30 \\ c & =25 \end{cases}\\ (5^{x_{1}}).\left ( 5^{x_{2}} \right )&=\displaystyle \frac{c}{a}\\ 5^{x_{1}+x_{2}}&=\displaystyle \frac{25}{5}=5\\ 5^{x_{1}+x_{2}}&=5^{1}\\ x_{1}+x_{2}&=1 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 6.&\textrm{Jumlah akar-akar persamaan}\\ &2023^{x^{2}-7x+7}=2024^{x^{2}-7x+7}\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\begin{aligned}2023^{x^{2}-7x+7}&=2024^{x^{2}-7x+7}\\ \textrm{Karena basis}&\: \textrm{tidak sama},\\ \textrm{maka harusl}&\textrm{ah pangkatnya}=0,\\ x^{2}-7x+7&=0\\ \textrm{dan jumlah}\: &\textrm{akar-akarnya adalah}:\\ x_{1}+x_{2}&=-\displaystyle \frac{b}{a}, \: \: \textrm{dari persamaan}\\ x^{2}-7x+7&=0\begin{cases} a &=1 \\ b &=-7 \\ c &=7 \end{cases}\\ \textrm{maka}\: \: x_{1}+x_{2}&=-\displaystyle \frac{b}{a}=-\frac{-7}{1}=7 \end{aligned} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 7.&\textrm{Tentukan himpunan penyelesaian dari}\\ &(x-2)^{x^{2}-7x+6}=1\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\textrm{Ingat bentuk}\: \: \: f(x)^{g(x)}=1\begin{cases} f(x) & =x-2 \\  g(x) & =x^{2}-7x+5 \end{cases}\\ &\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}\hline f(x)=1&f(x)=-1&g(x)=0\\ &\textrm{Syarat}\: \: g(x)\: \: \textrm{genap}&\textrm{Syarat}\: \: f(x)\neq 0\\\hline \begin{aligned}x&-2=1\\ x&=3\\ & \end{aligned}&\begin{aligned}x&-2=-1\\ x&=2-1=1\\ & \end{aligned}&\begin{aligned}x^{2}&-7x+6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow &(x-1)(x-6)\\ \Leftrightarrow &\: x=1\: \: \textrm{atau}\: \: x=6 \end{aligned}\\\hline &\begin{aligned}\textrm{S}&\textrm{yaratnya}\: \: x\\ \textrm{u}&\textrm{ntuk}\: \: x=1\\ g&(1)=1^{2}-7+6\\ &=0\: \: (\textrm{memenuhi}) \end{aligned}&\begin{aligned}f(1)&=1-2=-1\neq 0\\ f(6)&=6-2=4\neq 0\\ &\\ & \end{aligned}\\ &\textbf{Catatan}:\: 0&\\ &\textrm{paritasnya genap}&\\\hline \end{array}\\ &\textbf{HP}=\left \{ 1,3,6 \right \} \end{array}$.

$\begin{array}{ll}\\ 8.&\textrm{Tentukan himpunan penyelesaian dari}\\ &(x^{2}-9x+19)^{2x+3}=(x^{2}-9x+19)^{x-1}\: \: \textrm{adalah}\: ....\\\\ &\textbf{Jawab}:\\ &\textrm{Ingat bentuk}\: \: \: h(x)^{f(x)}=h(x)^{g(x)}\begin{cases} h(x) & =x^{2}-9x+19 \\  f(x) & =2x+3\\ g(x)&=x-1 \end{cases}\\ &\begin{array}{|l|l|}\hline \begin{aligned}&\textrm{Syarat-syaratnya}\\ &\bullet \: \: f(x)=g(x)\\ &\Leftrightarrow 2x+3=x-1\\ &\Leftrightarrow x=-4\\ &\bullet \: \: h(x)=1\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{2}-9x+19=1\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{2}-9x+18=0\\ &\Leftrightarrow (x-3)(x-6)=0\\ &\Leftrightarrow x=3\: \: \textrm{atau}\: \: x=6\\ &\bullet \: \: h(x)=0\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{2}-9x+19=0\\ &\Leftrightarrow x_{1,2}=\displaystyle \frac{9\pm \sqrt{5}}{2}\\ &\quad \textrm{gunakan rumus ABC}\\ &\textrm{Setelah diuji keduanya}\\ &\textrm{positif, maka}\\ &x=\displaystyle \frac{9\pm \sqrt{5}}{2}\: \: \textrm{merupakan}\\ &\textbf{penyelesaian} \end{aligned} &\begin{aligned}&\textrm{lanjutannya}\\ &\bullet \: \: h(x)=-1\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{2}-9x+19=-1\\ &\Leftrightarrow x^{2}-9x+20=0\\ &\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(x-5)=0\\ &\Leftrightarrow x=4\: \: \textrm{atau}\: \: x=5\\ &\textrm{Uji nilanya}\\ &\textrm{untuk}\: \: x=4\\ &\blacklozenge \: \: f(4)=2(4)+3\: \: \textrm{ganjil}\\ &\blacklozenge \: \: g(4)=4-1\: \: \textrm{ganjil}\\ &\textrm{karena}\: f(4),g(4)\: \textrm{keduanya }\\ &\textrm{ganjil, maka}\: \: x=4\\ &\textrm{adalah}\: \textbf{penyelesaian} \\ &\textrm{untuk}\: \: x=5\\ &\blacklozenge \: \: f(5)=2(5)+3\: \: \textrm{ganjil}\\ &\blacklozenge \: \: g(5)=5-1\: \: \textrm{genapl}\\ &\textrm{karena}\: f(4)\neq g(4),\: \textrm{maka}\: \: x=5\\ &\textrm{adalah}\: \textbf{bukan penyelesaian}\\ &\\  \end{aligned}\\\hline \end{array}\\ &\textbf{HP}=\left \{ -4,3,4,6,\displaystyle \frac{9-\sqrt{5}}{2},\frac{9+\sqrt{5}}{2} \right \} \end{array}$.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Kurnia, N, dkk. 2016. Jelajah Matematika I SMA Kelas X Peminatan MIPA. Jakarta: YUDHISTIRA.